The Brazilian Legislative Observatory, with support from iCS, has produced a report that describes the recent transformations in the electoral politics in the states that form the Legal Amazon – Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia and Roraima (known as the Western Amazon); as well as Pará, Maranhão, Amapá, Tocantins and Mato Grosso (the Eastern Amazon). Based on the general elections of 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018, including the municipal elections of 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016, the work navigates through the changes and structures. It provides details of the evolution of the basic socioeconomic data of the region, with variables such as GDP per capita, the GINI index of income inequality and agricultural GDP. It analyses and searches for factors that may be behind the political transformations in the region and, finally, lists subjects that should compose a future agenda of investigation in order to define democratic and sustainable operating strategies in the Amazon states.